WHAT IS SMS?
Short message service (SMS) is a globally accepted wireless service that enables the transmission of alphanumeric messages between mobile subscribers and external systems such as electronic mail, paging, and voice-mail systems. SMS appeared on the wireless scene in 1991 in Europe. The European standard for digital wireless, now known as the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), included short messaging services from the outset. In North America, SMS was made available initially on digital wireless networks built by early pioneers such as BellSouth Mobility, PrimeCo, and Nextel. These digital wireless networks are based on GSM, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) standards. Network consolidation from mergers and acquisitions has resulted in large wireless networks having nationwide or international coverage and sometimes supporting more than one wireless technology. This new class of service providers demands network-grade products that can easily provide a uniform solution, enable ease of operation and administration, and accommodate existing subscriber capacity, message throughput, future growth, and services reliably. Short messaging service centre (SMSC) solutions based on an intelligent network (IN) approach are well suited to satisfy these requirements while adding all the benefits of IN implementations. SMS provides a mechanism for transmitting short messages to and from wireless devices. The service uses an SMSC, a store-and-forward system for short messages. The wireless network provides the mechanisms to find the destination station(s) and transports short messages between the SMSCs and wireless stations. In contrast to other text-message transmission services, such as alphanumeric paging, the service elements are designed to provide guaranteed delivery of text messages to the destination. Additionally, SMS supports several input mechanisms that allow interconnection with different message sources and destinations. In-line. WMF SMS is characterized by out-of-band packet delivery and low-bandwidth message transfer, resulting in a highly efficient way to transmit short data bursts. Initial SMS applications focused on eliminating alphanumeric pagers by permitting two-way general-purpose messaging and notification services, primarily for voice mail. As technology and networks evolved, various services have been introduced, including e-mail, fax, and paging integration, interactive banking, information services such as stock quotes, and integration with Internet-based applications. Wireless data applications include downloading subscriber identity module (SIM) cards for activation, debit, profile-editing purposes, wireless points of sale (POSs), and other field-service applications such as automatic meter reading, remote sensing, and location-based services. Additionally, integration with the Internet spurred the development of Web-based messaging and other interactive applications such as instant messaging, gaming, and chatting. In today’s competitive world, differentiation is a significant factor in the service provider’s success. Once the basic services, such as voice telephony, are deployed, SMS provides a powerful vehicle for service differentiation. If the market allows for it, SMS can also represent an additional source of revenue for the service provider. The benefits of SMS to subscribers centre around convenience, flexibility, and seamless integration of messaging services and data access. From this perspective, the primary benefit is the ability to use the handset as an extension of the computer. SMS also eliminates the need for separate devices for messaging because services can be integrated into a single wireless device—the mobile terminal. These benefits normally depend on the applications that the service provider offers. At a minimum, SMS benefits include the following:
- Reliable, low-cost communication mechanism for concise information.
- Ability to screen messages and return calls in a particular way. More sophisticated functionality provides the following enhanced subscriber benefits:
- Delivery of messages to multiple subscribers at a time.
- Ability to receive diverse information.
- Integration with other data and Internet-based applications.
These benefits are attainable quickly, with modest incremental costs and short payback periods, making SMS an attractive investment for service providers.